Hair waving apparatus



Jan. 9, 1934. T, MOSELEY 1,942,972

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 23. 1933 INVENTOR. 7om//n5on /A Mae/eyATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 9, 1934 HAIR WAV'ING APPARATUS Tomlinson I.Moseley, San Francisco, Calif., as-

signor to United States Appliance Corporation, San Francisco. Calif., acorporation of California Application January 23,

6 Claims.

This invention relates generally to apparatus for the waving of hiunanhair, where heat is employed to render the wave permanent or durable. Itrelates more particularly to apparatuses of the spiraltype which areemployed ln beauty parlors by professional operators.

Commercial hair waving apparatus o1' the spiral type is characterized bythe use of pencil-like waving forms, which extend outwardly from thehead during the heating or steaming operation. In the past the strandswound upon such forms have been heated by small individual electricalheaters, applied directly to the hair.

The disadvantages inherent in the use of indlvidual electrical heatersapplied directly to the hair are as followsz-Unless the operator ishighly skilled the heating may be prolonged to auch an extent as tocause burning or undue baking of the hair. Likewise as long as thecurrent is applied to the heating elements, a definite degree of heat issupplied. which is not conducive to best waving. Many persons also havea natural aversion to the application of electrical current in closeproximity to the head.

It isan object of the present invention to pro- Vide a hair wavingapparatus of the spiral type which will make it impossible to undulyheat or bake the wound hair during a waving operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a hair waving apparatuswhich will apply varying degrees of heat during a steaming operation insuch a manner as to be conducive to the best possible waving effect.

A further object ot the invention is to make possible spiral wavingwithout application of electrical currents in close proximity to thehead.

Further objects and features of the invention, relating for example toease of manipulation and cheapness oi! manufacture, will appear from thefollowing description in which the preferred cmbodiment of the inventionhas been set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawing. It will be understood that the appended claims-are to beaccorded a range of equivalents consistent with the state of the priorart.

' Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view, illustrating apparatusincorporating the present invention.

1933. Serial No. 852,991

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional detail taken along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational detail, in cross section, illustrating oneof the electrically heated rods, with the heat storage device appliedthereto.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional detail taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 3,showing only the parts of the heat storage device.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional detail, illustrating the construction of thecord reel and check pulley, and also showing the attachment of the cordto the heat storage device.

Fig. 6 is a side elevational detail, in cross section, showingapplication of bailies or shields to prevent one electrically heated rodfrom heating an adjacent heat storage device.

The apparatus as illustrated in the drawing consists of a suitablesupporting standard 10 to the upper end oi' which is secured a bracket11, which bracket carries a canopy 12. Depending from canopy 12y are aplurality of electrically heated rods 13, upon which a plurality of heatstorage devices 14 can be disposed.

Fig. 3 illustrates a suitable construction for one of the electricallyheated rods 13. Its internal construction need not be described indetail. except to point out that it contains suitable insulatedelectrical resistance conductors connected to the electrical terminaltabs 16. The upper end of the electrically heated rod 13 is suitablymounted upon the lower sheet metal wall l'l of the canopy. One of theheat storage devices 14 is also illustrated in Fig. 3, and consists of atube 18 adapted to slidably fit upon rod 13. and made of suitablematerial such as aluminum. As a suitable housing serving to carry tube18, there is shown a shell 19 generally conical shaped, and having itslower smaller end provided with an inner flange 21 which is locked tothe lower end of tube 18.4 The upper end of shell 19 is locked within anannular recess 22, provided in the annular end piece 23. End piece 23 islikewise secured to or locked with respect to the upper end oi' tube 18.Shell 19 and end piece 23 are preferably made of suitable insulatingmaterial, which is a poor conductor of heat, as for example amoldedrnaterial having a synthetic resin base. Upper and lower apertures24 and 26 are provided, in order to permit free upward flow ofconvection currents of air thru the inner annular air space 27 formedbetween shell 19 and tube 18. Such ventilation avoids undue heating ofthe shell 19, so that the outer surface of this shell can be grasped bythe operator without burning.

In order to maintain an open gap 28 between the upper end of the heatstorage device 14, and the lower wall 17 of the canopy, wall 17 is shownprovided with depending lndentations 29 against which the upper end ofthe heat storage device may engage. Apertures 31 are also provided topermit upward flow of heated currents of air thru the interior of thecanopy.

In conjunction with the canopy described above, I preferably providemeans for supporting the heat storage devices when they are removed fromthe electrically heated rods 13. For this purpose I have shown, inconjunction with each of the electrically heated rods 13, a cord reel 33mounted within the canopy (Fig. 5). Each cord reel is journaled upon avertical axis, and is provided with suitable spring means for rotatingthe same in a direction to wind up its associated cord. In conjunctionwith each cord reel 33, there is a pulley 34, which is journaled upon ahorizontal axis, and which is provided with suitable clutching orratcheting means so that it will rotate only in one direction, as forexample clockwise as viewed in Fig. 5. A flexible cord 36 is wrappedupon reel 33, and as this cord extends from the reel, one convolution iswrapped upon pulley 34 to secure a snubbing effect. The free end of thecord is then extended thru an eyelet and provided with a suitableconnection 38 to one of the heat storage devices 14. With such anarrangement the cord can be pulled downwardly, and will support the heatstorage device in any desired position. Lifting of the heat storagedevice manually relieves the snubbing effect upon the pulley and permitsthe reel to wind up the cord.

In order to wave a head of hair with my apparatus, suitable pencil-likewaving forms 39 (Fig. 1) are employed. A strand of hair is woundspirally about each form, beginning at the base of the strand, andwinding spirally or helicoidally towards the upper end of the form.After the strand has been so wrapped, a suitable covering 41, as forexample a iiannel pad moistened with a suitable waving solution, iswrapped upon the wound hair. A suitable protecting means 42 can beinterposed between the lower end of the waving form 39 and the scalp.

While the head of hair is being prepared, heat storage devices 14 arepositioned upon the electrically heated rods 13. These rods are heatedto a predetermined degree, as for example a temperature in theneighborhood of 480 Tubes 18 of the heat storage devices will thereforelikewise be heated to a predetermined degree, and will therefore containa predetermined amount of heat available for the waving operation.Assuming now that the operator wishes to heat or steam a wrap which hasbeen completed, one of the heat storage devices 14 is grasped and pulleddownwardly to remove it from its associated electrically heated rod 13.The heat storage device is then fitted over the wrapped hair to commencethe steaming operation. When in position upon the wrapped hair. cord 36serves as suiilcient support to retain the heat storage device and theassociated waving form 39, in its desired position with respect to thehead.

If desired a complete head of hair can be prepared before the heatstorage devices are applied.

In this event a suiiicient number of heat storage devices must beprovided to simultaneously heat the entire head. However it is alsopossible to apply the heat storage devices as the individual strands areprepared, and if this practice is fol- 8( lowed, a fewer number of heatstorage devices will be required. After the heating and steamingoperation has been completed, the heat storage devices are removed fromthe hair, and lifted by the operator in position upon the electricallyheated rods 13, to be heated for a subsequent waving operation.

It is apparent that my invention has marry desirable characteristics ascompared to present day electrical spiral waving equipment. Since theheat storage devices are heated to a predetermined degree, apredetermined amount of heat will be available for the waving operation.Thus a correct steaming is secured, and it is impossible for an operatorto injure the hair by an undue amount of heat. Furthermore when the heatstorage devices are applied to the wound hair, the temperature of theheater tubes 18 (which can be termed heat storage elements) is initiallyrelatively high, but continuously decreases as the steaming operationproceeds. It has been found that heat regulated in this manner, isconducive to optimum waving effect.

In Fig. 6 a modification is illustrated, in which means is provided forpreventing heat radiated from one electrically heated rod, to which aheat storage device is not applied, from unduly heating an adjacent heatstorage device. In this case each electrically heated rod 13 issurrounded by a wall 46, to intercept laterally radiated heat. Such awall not only prevents lateral radiation of heat upon the outer surfaceof an adjacent heat storage device, but also forms an upstanding ue forconvection currents of air, so that air currents are drawn upwardlyabout the outer surfaces of the heat storage device, to maintain themrelatively cool.

I claim:

1. In hair waving apparatus of the spiral type, an elevated canopy, anda plurality of electrically heated rods carrled by the canopy and uponwhich heat storage devices can be removably disposed.

2. In halr waving apparatus of the spiral type, an elevated canopy, anda plurality of electrically heated rods depending Irom the canopy andupon which tubular heat storage devices can be removably disposed.

3. In hair waving apparatus, a plurality of tubular heat storage devicesfor steaming wound hair, a canopy, a plurality of electrically heatedrods depending from the canopy and upon which the heat storage devicescan be removably disposed, cord retaining means carried by the ,canopy,and cords carried by said retaining means and connected to said heatstorage devices.

4. In hair waving apparatus, a. plurality of tubular heat storagedevices for steaming wound hair, an overhead canopy, a plurality ofelectrically heated rods depending from the canopy and upon which theheat storage devices can be removably disposed, cord retaining reelscarried by the canopy, and exible cords carried by said reels andconnected to said heat storage devices, whereby said devices can belowered to a steaming position over mandrels upon which hair strands arewound.

5. In hair waving apparatus, a canopy, a plurality of electricallyheated rods depending from 15( an elevated canopy, a. plurality ofelectrically heated rods depending from the canopy and upon whichtubular heat storage devices can be removably disposed, and heatintercepting walls disposed between said rods and spaced therefrom.

TOMLINSON I. MOSELEY.

